Suffering From an Inferiority Complex at the Workplace 7 Powerful Tactics to Get Rid of Them

Suffering From an Inferiority Complex at the Workplace 7 Powerful Tactics to Get Rid of Them Inferiority complex in the workplace is best described asFeeling worthless to do something you’ve been assigned withRefusal to take up new projects for fear of failure due to peer pressureStrong negative emotions working for the companyLow self-esteem when compared to your colleaguesInferiority complex starts with a single shred of doubt that lingers long enough in your mind to question your existence and your worth every time a task comes up.People who suffer from low self-confidence will always suffer from feelings of self-loathing when they are as experienced as their co-workers or can even outperform them.Let’s make a commitment with you that by the end of this guide, you’ll be free from negative thoughts and you’ll feel a tremendous boost of confidence surging from your mind.WHY INDIVIDUALS HAVE FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY AT THE WORKPLACEInferiority complex is quite common in the workplace and it happens to all of us during the first few days or weeks of joining a new compa ny.It’s quite natural for humans to compare themselves with their peers and self-evaluate their worth to understand exactly where they stand in the employee rankings. Healthy competition is necessary, and it causes us to work harder and helps us achieve our milestones and climb up the company’s ranks quickly.However, the biggest problem arises when you’re unable to shake off your inferiority complex even after a month or two of joining your company.This is when you know that it’s no longer a phase but a mental disorder that is a part of your personality.Activating Your Inner Happiness MechanismDr. K. Kuhathasan the CEO of Cenlead believes that everyone’s self-image is different and every time we express our feelings and emotions to someone we either enhance or diminish our self-image.He states that every one of us has an inbuilt happiness mechanism that lies dormant within us, we either wake it up every day to make it work for us by improving our life or we let it sleep an d we simply hide behind our inferiority mask.Dr. Kuhathasan strongly believes in getting rid of inferiority complex by visualizing our goals in front of our mirror every day. He suggests facing the mirror and asking yourself 3 important questions and the  questions are â€"How can I impress others?How can I shine today?How can I perform to my fullest?By answering these questions and repeating it every day to yourself while facing the mirror, you’ll enable your goals and divert your mind into activating the happiness mechanism.The exercise helps if you have a list of achievements that you’d like to accomplish listed in a numerical order. The higher the priority, the higher the achievement should be located on the list.Insecurity and Its Negative EffectsInsecurity is one of the biggest negative factors responsible for inferiority complex. Insecurity causes us to forgo opportunities in favor of remaining in the dark as we fear making a mistake will put the light of judgment on us. In turn, insecurity begins to morph into other negative areas such as â€" jealousy, envy, hatred, aggressiveness, and depression.Take for example â€" As a journalist in your company, your boss calls you in with the biggest break of your life. You get to interview the mayor of the city and make your mark in the big wide world of journalism. Instead of feeling excited and jumping up on the offer, you begin to fret and imagine all the blunders you’d commit on live television while interviewing the mayor. These events create a negative barrier causing you to lose a big opportunity. In the end, you refuse and watch haplessly as the job is passed on to your fellow colleague.As your colleague accepts the offer, you begin to feel the claws of jealousy reach at your throat and become envious of her when you see her ace the interview. You’ll begin to see her as a threat to your job and may begin to unnecessarily pick feuds with her.Therefore, insecurity causes strong feelings of inferiori ty to harbor and it’s important to tackle the issue at its earliest stage before you wake up one day and see a toxic garden of passive aggressiveness basking within you. 7 TACTICS TO DO AWAY WITH YOUR INFERIORITY COMPLEX AT WORKHere’s a short story of a man who suffered inferiority complex and you’ll see that even successful people had to endure the likes of inferiority â€"Harland was at the wrong end of sixties with not a penny in his pockets and barely able to meet ends meet. He suffered from social anxiety all through his life and at the ripe age of 65 when life seemed to end for most people, he decided to begin his. He decided to start a business by selling fried chicken and decided to go door-to-door selling his recipe. To his surprise, people loved his recipe and restaurants were ready to license his product. Harland decided to strike a license agreement with many restaurants in his block and soon came to be known fondly as ­â€" Colonel Sanders, owner of the KFC franchi se. If you’re blown away by this story, remember that age doesn’t necessarily dictate when you can shake off that stubborn insecurity that manifests within you. To help you fight off inferiority complex, we’ve prepared 7 various techniques to help you curb your insecurity.We understand that not everyone shares the same kind of insecurity as the other. Hence, we invite you to try the tactic that best suits your lifestyle.1. The Distraction TacticThe distraction tactic is quite straightforward and is all about keeping yourself away from all distractions that are bound to occur in your workplace.What distractions you ask? Let’s take a few examples.You’ve heard a gossip from someone about how everyone is negative about you in the officeOverthinking an incident involving verbal abuse you received from one of your senior level managersFear of not being able to achieve anything despite giving your best at workWorrying about how your physical appearance is at every minute of your work dayDemonstrating importance on how others perceive you without their actual acknowledgementAll the above examples are quite common in a workplace and afflict the employees with the most inferior mindset of all. Remember, it might be hard to focus on your work when you’re surrounded by unhappy emotions, but these thoughts only fuel your brain to feeling “inadequate” when you’re not.To best utilize the “distraction technique”, here is a method we recommend you utilize. Let’s call it the “Bridging Your Positivity” technique.Let’s say you’re distracted by a certain bad incident that happened at the workplace. You’re completely unable to concentrate on your work and can’t help but feel worthless. In this technique, you’ll be required to â€"Close your eyes completely and picture yourself in the incident. Replay the event completely inside your mind. Do it just onceOnce you’ve replayed the entire incident, it’s time to convince yourself that you’re st ronger than this than to let someone’s words have their way with you.After all, they don’t walk your shoes and have no idea who you’re underneath your professionalism.Convince yourself that their words don’t really affect you and think of a beautiful holiday that you’ll be taking the coming summer.Distracting yourself from the current negative situation with a future positive outcome is one of the best ways to activate the distraction technique.Before you know it, you’ll completely replace the negative situation with a happy one.Perform this technique with your eyes closed every time to mentally create a bridge of positivity in your brain every time things get you down.We promise, in time, you’ll be shedding off your inferiority complex and will concentrate on more valuable priorities in life.The “Distraction” tactic is powerful once you master it. In time, you’ll be able to immediately disperse negative memories and replace them with happy ones without you feeli ng impacted by it.2. The Gratefulness TacticAre you someone that looks at other people’s lives and wishes you had it just as easy as them? Do you sometimes feel jealous of your work colleague for being well-recognized in the office? If yes, then the “Gratefulness Tactic” is the right technique for you. Often, we begun to relive our past and wonder what it would be like had we made a certain choice to impact our future.Our lives would be so much better than today.But the reality is that no amount of regret is going to change the past, but all the daydreaming will surely impact the future.In turn, the events that we do in the present will continue to shape our past. The best bet is to make do with the tools we have today and not reach for the past.Feeling insecure about our present due to the mistakes of our past is quite common and happens all the time. Instead of counting the stars for others, it’s time to begin counting your own stars. Stop comparing your life with those th at are fortunate and start comparing with those less fortunate than you.The homeless, the disabled, and the bankrupt are great examples that come to mind.Ask yourself are you far worse in your situation and have less tools to work with when compared to the above less fortunate? Of course not.To start the gratefulness tactic, we begin by performing one new thing every week to show our gratitude to the planet and all the people and animals that live in it.Here are a few activities to accomplish and you can add your own to the list as you complete them.Forgive someone that offended you in the past that you haven’t been talking toHelp a friend with his problem that you’ve been ignoring for the past monthSort out simple home tasks by helping a family member around the homeGive a hot warm meal to a homeless person and see their bright smileInstead of buying a pet from a breeder, choose to adopt a stray animal from the pound. You’ll be saving two lives â€" the stray and the one that takes its placeNext time you decide to throw out your leftover food, remember that there is always someone around that needs it more than you. Help them receive itSpend an entire day at an orphanage by offering education and time to kids that sorely need someone to talk toPerform community service at your nearby community center â€" feeding the homeless, helping injured animals, clearing litter from beaches, etc.While at first, you might ponder at how gratitude ties in with inferiority complex but as you begin to open yourself to others you begin to be accepted by society and before you know it, you’ll be off the chains of isolation and misery. 3. The Acceptance TacticDon’t we all wish we were in the shoes of Michael Phelps or Usain Bolt to accomplish superhuman feats and bathe in the crowd’s thunderous chants? If you have trouble accepting yourself the way you are, the “Acceptance Tactic” could be your answer to shedding your inferiority complex.To begin with, let’s beg in by summarizing the story of Usain Bolt. Before all the fame, Bolt was just an ordinary boy born in a village called Trelawny Parish that barely had water and no electricity. He was born in poverty and begin to train from a young age thanks to the motivation of his mother, Jennifer Bolt. In his own words, Usain Bolt stated that anyone could sprint at his speed if they just put in the required effort to train their body and mind. Now that we’ve heard from his side of the story, we begin to see just how human Usain Bolt really is and how he got to where he is through sheer hard work and commitment, something all of us lack yet complain. While the other superhuman, Michael Phelps with his 28 Olympic gold medals from over 4 Olympics seems to be god’s own creation, let’s get inside his story.A 29-year old Michael Phelps was found in an alcoholic state in 2014 by local police. He was slumped and was no longer the golden hero everyone knew him for, instead he was a pale shadow of h is former glory. He was arrested on the spot and the press began to send out his infamy to all the four corners of the world. Now, while the average person would take this as the final nail to the coffin, Phelps decided to prove the world wrong by regaining his former shape at the age of 30. He began to train past his insecurity and inferiority complex. He became focused on the goal to be the fastest swimmer in the world and break his old record. He wanted to hear the crowd chant his name in a deafening roar once again. And that’s exactly what happened in the 2008 Olympics where he won a staggering set of 8 gold medals and destroyed numerous world records that day. Every champion had to go through an insecure phase, no matter how confident they were in the past. Through these two stories, we wanted to prove to you that insecurity affects even the best metahumans on the planet and that the only reason they shine is because they overcame that through mental training and dedication t o their art.Accepting yourself is the first thing to do. Stop comparing yourself to others and know that you’re unique. Know that the future holds numerous options for you, out of which you get to choose the one that allows you to radiate your raging passion to the world.Here are a few pointers to accept yourself without clouding your judgment.Celebrate your strengths and work on your weaknessRemember this quote “A fish can’t climb a tree comparing itself to a monkey, just like how a monkey can’t swim like a fish”.Don’t allow negative people to talk down your strengths. Avoid toxic individuals.Have a support army that you can rely on. Like your family, friends, etc.Ensure the inner critic in you stays silent when you perform a challenge in life.Remember to reward yourself when you perform a unique feat that no one else can. Example â€" securing the biggest deal for your company.Practice self-compassion and eliminate self-doubt. Doubt is noise for the mind preventing you from doing great things.Forgive yourself. You are human, after all.4. The ”Being-Happy” TacticYes, even clowns feel pain and insecurity behind all that makeup. The smile they demonstrate to the world is just as fake as their face paint. No, we aren’t proposing you to stay happy with a silly smile across your face all the time. That’s not what the “Being-Happy” tactic is all about.Instead, we invite you to add joy to your life in a natural way and by eliminating all the stress from your life. Sometimes, when our self-esteem hits rock bottom we tend to feel insecure about ourselves. The simplest of tasks can seem like a mammoth accomplishment.Did your boss just ask you to get him coffee? You are now a nervous wreck. You begin to think how you could fumble and spill the steaming coffee on your boss’s brand-new suit. You’re sure you’ll be fired. Worse! What if no one hires you after a bad recommendation letter from your boss?This is how insecurity manifests itself in t he simplest of tasks.The root cause for people to remain unhappy and insecure with their job is “Uncertainty”. Many working individuals have no logical reason on why they work every day. When questioned the usual response is “The pay is good, and I have a family to feed”.  When someone isn’t happy in their job, a stressful mechanism is triggered.Working a job, you don’t like only to take home money causes a chain of negative reactions. Instead, if you were to shed off your insecurity and have self-confidence in doing what you love, you’d make the money but also add the happiness factor into your life. This is what the “Being-Happy” tactic is all aboutStaying happy isn’t a magical formula and while it’s simple to attain it’s also harder to sustain. Sustaining happiness is just like any other activity that you take up for the first time, remember the first time you tried to ride your bicycle and you fell bruising your knee?However, a week later and you were ab le to balance your bike just enough to go down your first lane without a fall. Enjoying happiness is similar when you lead a disciplined life.By adding these simple quotes into your life, you’ll see just how to manage a happy life and sustain it for a long time.Follow your passion not the money bagPeople that love you should love you for what you are and not because of your successDon’t postpone problems until it’s too late. Seek a solution immediatelyRejection can be a stepping stone of success. Work on your weaknessesAlways count on a backup plan for any of life’s numerous scenariosSocial skills are a must even if you’re an introvert. Develop just enough to work through a satisfactory conversationTraveling is the best experience for the mind to pursueAlways continue to grow, there is no finite limit for knowledgeNever hold grudges. They only burden youLive for today but also invest in tomorrowSay “Thank You” only if you mean itThese are some of the words that many su ccessful, confident, and happy people live by. There isn’t a strict set of rules, but the rule of the thumb is“Do what makes you happy, as long as you aren’t putting others in harms way”.Happiness doesn’t have to be a fleeting emotion, it can be captured and preserved with the right tools.5. The Visualizing TacticOur minds are powerful. More powerful than we give them credit for. In fact, without you controlling yourself, many defensive mechanisms are activated to protect your body. Don’t believe us? Let’s look at a list â€"Antibodies being released within us to combat daily illnesses that we don’t even know we have been afflicted withA detoxification process that constantly removes toxins within our digestive tract to keep our bellies running in full capacityInvoluntary yawning causes our body to automatically circulate oxygen to our blood and increase our otherwise low energy levelsSweating after a workout to regulate body temperatureSneezing causes us to expel mil lions of germs and other allergensAllergies to let us know there is a foreign body causing problems in our body.The list goes on, but the point is our mind and body are well-connected and even if we physically don’t take care of ourselves, there are certain defensive mechanisms in place that cause our bodies to expel negative forces.Similarly, for inferiority complex, our mind requires us to practice “Visualization” to give us a new defensive mechanism to activate upon receiving any negative feedback of ourselves.Visualization helps us connect with our mind and inform us what our strengths and weaknesses are. We can boost our self-esteem by simply boosting ourselves through visualizing a situation and finding an appropriate solution for it.Still unable to follow us?Let’s give you a step-by-step visualization technique.Step 1: Begin by taking a notepad and listing out all the stressful factors of your life. For example â€" Less income, Health issues, Outstanding Loans. Harass ment at office, etc.Step 2: Ensure you list every single issue without hesitation. Once it’s on paper, take a good hard look at all the issues for a good five minutes.Step 3: Take a deep breath and begin to find workarounds for each problem. For example â€" if it’s a bad loan, cut costs and find ways to repay the debt or if it’s harassment at the office, approach your seniors and report the harasser immediately.Step 4: You’ll begin to feel the burden lighten in your mind once you’ve visualized your solutions on paper. Studies suggest that inferiority complex is directly linked to social anxiety, once you deal with your anxiety, your insecurity begins to disappear.Step 5: Ensure you visualize every problem in a similar fashion by writing it out on paper first. Remember, there is always a solution to every problem, all you need is a clear mind to find it.And that’s it. The “Visualization” technique is all about finding an answer to one’s problem instead of lugging ar ound all the mental baggage all day and feeling inferior to the gaze of others. 6. The “Improving Yourself” TacticWhile it’s hard for a person that lacks self-confidence to suddenly just burst out with energy and go prove their worth. It’s also worth mentioning that by striving to be our very best we do away with our inferiority complex for good.What do we mean by being “the very best version of ourselves”?Allow us to demonstrate with an example â€" Let’s say you’ve just begun a new job at a digital advertising firm. Your job as the research analyst is to bring in the hot news for your firm by spending all your day on the internet and making phone calls to some interesting clients. You’d obviously be fearful at your new job. What if you aren’t worth it and that you get fired without even making it to the first month? In this negative situation, improving yourself will be your best option. What do you do? Simple, you turn your concentration towards learning the si tuation and understanding how work gets done in your workplace. Every time a negative thought comes into your head, convince yourself that the greatest entrepreneurs worked in much worse situations and made their way up by improving themselves. Here are 5 ways you can improve your self-confidence and boost your overall productivity to attain improvisation â€" Stick to the basics at the new job. Don’t try to conduct your work operations based on a YouTube clip of an expert you witnessed last night. That takes years of work. Keep it simple.Once you’ve learned the ropes of your company. Find ways to improve your productivity during the first month. Your first month’s impression can be invaluable in suggesting to your senior managers that they made the right call in hiring you.Don’t hesitate in asking for help when you’ve got no idea on how to do it. Remember everyone started out new just like you.Find a role model immediately, whether in real life or through an autobiography. Every expert has valuable advice to share to their newer compatriots. This advice can save you on valuable time by avoiding mistakes.Improvisation takes time. Don’t cut corners to improve productivity, instead increase your efficiency over time. Don’t give a reason for your bosses to find fault in your workings.Once you’ve followed the above tips, your inferiority complex will begin to diminish, and you’ll begin to appreciate the process of a butterfly morphing out of a cocoon.7. The “Mind Your Business” TacticInferiority complex in people can cause them to be easily susceptible to criticism by others. In fact, even constructive criticism can set off alarm signals in our brains that cause us to fret and worry and soon wander into an isolated world of depression.Remember, false flattery will only be the doom for your career. Imagine being congratulated for every screw up you performed in life or being praised for something you fully know you didn’t perform to your full est. It’s worse than being criticized. According to a study by Madorah E. Smith, the subjects demonstrated more than 700 conflicts of inferiority complex.The report further suggested that inferiority begins during adolescence and if left untreated would strongly manifest into adulthood and affect work-life balance greatly.The “Mind Your Business” tactic is a technique that utilizes a closed-minded approach as compared to more open-minded tactics as the previous ones. It’s important for us to practice assertiveness in curbing the menace of inferiority.Because inferiority-stricken individuals generally find it hard to stand their ground and usually succumb to peer pressure and change their own opinion, they have a hard time accepting themselves in the long run.Let’s change that by providing a checklist to abide by.Learn to say “No” in front of the mirror every day. Then practice it in front of a family member. Soon you’ll find it easier to deny favors for your work col leagues who take you for granted.When in doubt, always stand your ground instead of siding with another’s opinion, simply because it’s the general opinion.Keep away from office politics. Don’t waste time gossiping and taking sides between one or the other. It’s not what you were hired for.If you feel you need to make an impact by yourself. Start by concentrating on your career, the others will follow behind your success.If you don’t feel like having lunch with a group, take a timeout and sit by yourself. Don’t feel guilty of being the odd one.Don’t let your boss’s words affect you. Realize he was once an employee just like you and was the target of such insults.Don’t step on other people’s office turf. Avoid giving a reason for your office colleagues to pick a banter with you.Socialize with discretion. Never reveal deep secrets during a break, this could haunt you later.Don’t offer advice where it’s not needed. Even if someone asks for it, remain neutral. Rem ember, never pick sides.By not being judgmental, you’ll not be a threat to your office mates when an internal war breaks out.There will be no bounty on your head since you weren’t participating in the gossip. Eliminating most of the noise ensures your inferiority complex remains in check.The famous words â€" “People that spend time looking for faults in others, should spend time in correcting their own” works well when dealing with bouts of inferior complex.FINAL WORDS ON DEALING WITH INSECURITY AND LOW SELF-ESTEEMThe defense for a deep-rooted inferior complex is building up your self-esteem, hence by instilling some confidence into yourself and understanding that every mistake is a part and parcel of life, you’ll be able to accept things on a logical level and be less prone to feeling guilty.Distance yourself from the negativity of the world and surround yourself with positive people.When you’re responsible, kind, and approachable, you’ll automatically find yourself i n a much better state of mind to not feel insecure all the time.

Physician-Assisted Suicide and Psychology Essay example

There has been very little literature presented on Physician Assistant Suicide and its relationship particularly to psychology, PAS is my opinion is in fact a psychological issue. Psychology by definition is a discipline that studies both the human mind and behavior and seeks to understand and provide explanation pertaining to thought, emotion, and behavior (Cherry, 2011). Applications of psychology can range from mental health, self- health, and a myriad of areas that can affect health and daily life (Cherry, 2011). Although many people are familiar with the term â€Å"physician-assisted suicide,† very few however, actually know what is meant by the term. The term â€Å"physician-assisted suicide† is one that has been commonly used among the†¦show more content†¦The argument by those who are against using the term suicide believe that in contrast to those patients with impaired judgment, patients who are terminally ill and request medication under the act possess the ability to make a reasonable, autonomous decision to terminate their lives (Chin, Hedberg, Higginson, Fleming, 1999). Therefore a person’s mental capacity or judgment has not been affected and they are deemed suitable to make this decision (Chin, Hedberg, Higginson, Fleming, 1999). Proving that a person is capable of making this decision on their own without any outside help is most critical part of this whole entire process (Chin, Hedberg, Higginson, Fleming, 1999). . Speaking in general, this could be the main difference between a person that is considered to be suicidal and treated as if their ability to make decisions has been compromised (Starks, 2009). 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The Iliad by Homer Book VI - 604 Words

The Iliad: Book VI is about the continued war for Troy but Homer focuses a lot of the book on Hector, Prince of Troy. The Achaeans were overwhelming the Trojans so they were forced back into their city. The Trojans were weakened so the Achaeans took full advantage and slaughtered as many as they could. However, the Trojans anticipated this weakness and Hector asked his mother to pray to Athena for the army. Meanwhile Paris, Hector’s brother, had withdrawn from battle because of the grief he caused. But his soon to be wife Helen and Hector convince him to return to battle. Just before they head into battle Hector pays a visit to his wife and child to say goodbye for maybe the last time. His wife is convinced that he is near his death and mourns. Hector then meets Paris on the way to the city gate and they prepare to fight. Homer concentrates on Hector throughout the chapter and makes comments about how brave and courageous he was. He also mentions that he is a great commander and leader of the Trojan army. In addition, Hector knew the reason behind the invasion which was Paris stealing Menelaus’ wife, Helen. This gives Agamemnon an excuse to attack Troy. Both Hector and his wife know that he is soon to meet his death, it’s inescapable. However, even though it is not his fight, he still feels compelled to go to war with his country and search for some vague glory. Hector seems to be very heroic. Moreover, Homer describes Hector as an immense warrior almost god-like. But inShow MoreRelatedComparing The Iliad And The Odyssey905 Words   |  4 PagesThis short essay will identify five traditional epic characteristics that are evident in both the Iliad and the Odyssey. The first epic characteristic evident in both epics is catalogs and genealogies. For instance, Book VIII of the Odyssey features a list of participants in the game (115-125) and the Iliad Book II features a catalog of ships (484-759). 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An epic poem and a classic of world literature, the Iliad recounts portions of the war between Greece and the city-state of Troy. Most entrancing are his vivid wonderful descriptions of the Great City of Troy and illustrious recounts of the events that took place on this ancient site. It is not a surprise that the 19th century German archaeologist or arguably treasure hunter, Heinrich Schliemann was spellbound toRead MoreAn Essay on the Illiad868 Words   |  4 Pagesa ‘student of his culture’ and thus both The Iliad and The Odyssey are directed sources of their own period. Select any one episode or scene from either of the poems as one that you feel is mos t memorable. What does it tell about Homeric culture? A writer is a reflection of his age. A work of art is considered a mirror of the customs, culture, and concepts of the age to which it belongs. Homer’s writings are a true representation of this. His Iliad and Odyssey both reflect the old Greek cultureRead MoreIliad - Self image1193 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Iliad Essay Prompt 1. Complete one take home essay. Provide textual evidence, specific lines and incidents from The Iliad that proves your thesis. You may also draw from The Odyssey. Use in text parenthetical documentation according to MLA standards. The style guide that many colleges use is DianaHacker.com. We will use this style guide for both MLA format and grammar and mechanics. If you have any questions about MLA format, refer to DianaHacker.com. This paper needs to read asRead MoreTrojan War and Iliad1134 Words   |  5 Pages * Homer is most frequently said to be born in the  Ionian  region of  Asia Minor, at  Smyrna, or on the island of  Chios, dying on the  Cycladic  island of  Ios. A connection with Smyrna seems to be alluded to in a legend that his original name wasMelesigenes  (born of  Meles, a river which flowed by that city), with his mother the nymph Kretheis. Internal evidence from the poems gives evidence of familiarity with the topography and place-names of this area of  Asia Minor, for example, Homer refers toRead More Essay on Hector as the Ideal Homeric Man of Homers Iliad1358 Words   |  6 PagesHector as the Ideal Homeric Man of Homers Iliad        Ã‚  Ã‚   Homers Iliad enthralls readers with its’ valiant heroes who fight for the glory of Greece. The Iliad, however, is not just a story of war; it is also a story of individuals. Through the characters words and actions, Homer paints portraits of petulant Achilles and vain Agamemnon, doomed Paris and Helen, loyal Patroclus, tragic Priam, versatile Odysseus, and the whole cast of Gods. Ironically, the most complete character in the epic isRead MoreEssay about Heroic Code in the Iliad and the Odyssey979 Words   |  4 PagesHeroic Code in the Iliad and the Odyssey In Websters Dictionary, a hero is defined as a person noted for courageous acts or nobility of purpose, especially if this individual has risked or sacrificed his life. In the Iliad and the Odyssey, the code which administers the conduct of the Homeric heroes is a straightforward idea. The aim of every hero is to achieve honor. Throughout the Iliad and the Odyssey, different characters take on the role of a hero. Honor is essential to the HomericRead MoreTying Homers Iliad to Virgils Aeneid Through the Theme of Warfare1487 Words   |  6 PagesHomers Iliad to Virgils Aeneid. However, the way warfare is treated in the two epics is different. This can be attributed to many factors including the time between the composition of the pieces, the fact that pieces were written by different authors, and the fact that the pieces were written in different places. We can use these pieces to get a view of what the society that produced them thought about war and how the view of war chang ed as time went on in the ancient world. The Iliad is a poemRead MoreThe Iliad Or The Poem Of Force1472 Words   |  6 PagesIn her essay, The Iliad or The Poem of Force, Simone Weil argues, â€Å"The true hero, the true subject matter, the center of the Iliad, is force,† (152). â€Å"Force† is defined as, â€Å"that x that turns anybody who is subjected to it/ into a thing,† (153). Weil perceives force as an active entity that is capable of profound, negative, influences on the lives it touches (153). For a hero, force replaces his rational sensibilities by an uncontrollable urge to slaughter his opponent in an animalistic fashion,

Nsd 225 Study Guide Free Essays

string(54) " Common food allergies are nuts, soy, milk, and eggs\." Review for test #3 1. Calcium is not well absorbedless that 30% 2. A major mineral means you need more of it. We will write a custom essay sample on Nsd 225 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. The six major minerals are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chlorine. The rest are trace minerals, which are not less important, but you just need them in less amounts. 4. Minerals are 0 calories. 5. The best source of iron is beef, liver, or meat. 6. The best source of zinc is beef, liver, or meat. 7. Vitamin C will help you absorb iron twice as much (double the absorption). 8. Sea salt, they say, contains iodide, but it is silly to pay more and get nothing extra for it. Sea salt is not better than table saltiodine leaves as a gas (sublimes from solid to gas form). 9. We need iodide to make thyroid hormone, which is important because it influences our overall metabolism. Also, if you don’t have enough iron, you will be fatigued, and children that are deficient won’t grow. Finally, you need it to prevent goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid (around the Great Lakes and west = the goiter belts). 10. The major function of zinc: for many enzymes systems to work, for sexual maturation and growth, for wound healing, for protein metabolism and immune system. 1. Fluoride deficiency will result in dental caries (holes in teeth). 12. There is 500 mg of calcium carbonate in Tums, but since calcium carbonate is only composed of 40% calcium, there is 200 mg of pure calcium in Tums. 13. Iron is VERY POORLY absorbed; only 5-10% of iron is absorbed by normal adults. 14. The best source of potassium is potatoes. 15. If you don’t have enough potas sium, it may result in cardiac arrest or an irregular heartbeat (death) [also caused by too much]. 16. The major function of magnesium that it is needed as part of bones and part of muscle; also, it is an activator of more than 300 enzymes, and it’s necessary to maintain electrical potential of nerve and muscle and for transmission of never impulses. 17. The major function of chromium is that it acts as a cofactor for insulin, which is needed for maintaining normal glucose metabolism (chromium in humans declines with age). 18. Phosphorus is present in all foods especially milk and milk products and liver and other animal-food protein sources. About half the phosphorus in the USA diet comes from milk, meat, poultry, and fish. 9. The main sodium food source is table salt. Only 10% of salt intake comes from natural content of foods, 15% is from salt added during cooking and at table, and 75% from salt added during processing and manufacturing. 20. To decrease high blood pressure, lose weight. Also, eating salt doesn’t help for high blood pressure. 21. Folate RDA is over twi ce non-pregnant RDA (for increased blood supply and for growth of baby) so folate supplements are often prescribed. Also, need zinc for growth, B-12 for red blood cells, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium for bones. In addition, iron supplements during pregnancy and after delivery are recommended (baby should have enough to last 3-6 months**); fluoride is needed for teeth to begin in the 5th month of pregnancy. Nutrients to double during pregnancyfolate and probably iron. 22. You can NOT make up nutrients from a skipped breakfast. 23. Teenagers need to snack to get nutrients. 24. Adolescents aren’t well fed because they are too busy, eat out with their friends, skip breakfast, poor choice of snacks, avoid milk because they falsely think it is fattening, fear of becoming fat, use of fad diets especially by girls, and girls don’t get enough milk,. 5. Vegetables should be added first to an infant’s diet (after about 4-6 months). 26. Nutrition advice for anorexia patients included increasing caloric intake slowly (start at 800-1200 kcal), balanced diet, vitamin/mineral supplements, small frequent meals, use liquid supplements if necessary, and reduce caffeine. Also, don’t overload food, and persuade them they are thin enough. 27. Do not drink alcohol during pregnancy because even one binge may increase the risk of fetal alcohol syndrome (brain damage and physical retardation in infants). 28. The biggest advantage of breast milk during pregnancy is its immune factors. 9. Parents shouldn’t tell children to clean their plates. 30. How do you encourage children to try new foods? 31. In order to encourage a child to eat, be positive, when they are finished take their plate (they will snack later), don’t tell them there are people starving, don’t give rewards for eating. 32. Older folks who have baby aspirin every day bleed more in the gut (gastrointestinal bleeding), so they need more iron. 33. As you age, BMR decreases, you need less food and more exercise, your appetite decreases, and usually you don’t get enough nutrients. 34. The primary function of water is as a solvent; it transports nutrients to cells and removes waste. Also, it lubricates joints, food in the mouth, and helps lubricate food as it moves down the digestive tracts. Water is needed in the chemical reactions of digestion and must be available for digestion to occur. Water helps regulate body temperature by secreting sweat and is a structural component of the body (it is necessary to retain the shape of cells and tissues). 35. Complex carbs are: bread, cereal, pasta, and vegetables. 36. Thirst is not an adequate guide for infants, those who are sick, and athletes. 7. 50-75% of body weight is water. 38. Hyperactivity in children is caused by caffeine, not sugar. 39. There is NO nutrient herbal preparation that will cure cancer. 40. The best advice to prevent cancer is to eat a variety of foods, get all nutrients, and help prevent too much harmful junk getting into you. 41. RDA for calcium for adults 51 and older is 1200 mg. 42. There are 300 mg of calcium in a glass of milk (it doesn’t matter whether it is skim, whole, 1%, or 2%). 43. Common food allergies are nuts, soy, milk, and eggs. You read "Nsd 225 Study Guide" in category "Essay examples" 44. When under stress, the hormone cortisol produces fat. 45. A critical period during pregnancy defines a time early in pregnancy when an event happens and will never happen again. It is a certain time during development in which the event occurs that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages (it is usually a period of cell division). 46. Colostrum contains immune factors and anti-infection that will help a baby. 47. The WIC program is a nutritional education component that takes care of people who can’t take care of themselves. 48. The major function of phosphorusit has more functions that any other mineral. 49. Advantages of infant formula = father can feed. 0. Your peak bone mass is from 25-30 years old. 51. 5 reasons girls get osteoporosis: girls live longer, guys drink more milk, girls get pregnant and breastfeed, girls are smaller (have smaller bones). 1. Iron is NOT a major mineral. 2. Females need more iron—it is almost impossible for females to eat a diet providing the RDA for iron and stay within 2000 kcal. 3. Iron deficiency anemia may be the most prevalent deficiency disease in humans. 4. PICA = eating non-food items (laundry starch, clay, ice cubes), may denote low iron intake 5. OJ would help you absorb more iron from your diet (double the absorption). . Iodide toxicity also results in goiter. 7. Copper deficiency hardly ever happens. 8. Fluoride is not essential, but is essential for teeth. 9. Chromium deficiency results in impaired glucose tolerance. 10. Sodium has a small role in high blood pressure. 11. Monosodiumglutamate (MSG) adds sodium big time. 12. The major function of iron is that it is a constituent of hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle. Also, iron is essential in transportation of oxygen from lungs to tissues and it’s needed for oxidation-reduction reactions. 13. Minerals are essential, but do not provide energy (no calories). Many are needed to make body structures such as bones, needed as activators for enzyme systems, and they are poorly absorbed and can definitely be harmful if taken in excess. 14. 99% of calcium is in the bone with 1% in body fluids. 15. Dairy council said calcium may have an effect on weight loss. 16. Phyates acid in seeds, nuts, and grain decrease calcium absorption. 17. Females do not have enough calcium! 18. You MUST get enough calcium from childhood to age 25. 19. Calcium is enriched in some sources such as OJ and bread. 20. Most people don’t know what’s in the supplements they take. 1. 10 million Americans over 50 have osteoporosis, 1. 5 million have a bone fracture, 1 in 5 who have a hip fracture die. Women lose 6 inches from osteoporosis. 22. Phosphorus in excess in the diet probably does not negatively affect calcium absorption. The problem is that high carbonated beverages/soda take the place of milk intake. 23. The FDA cited over 18 manufacturers of Coral Calc ium for making false claims that the supplement is a cure-allthe U. S. Marshalls seized $26 million worth. 24. Phosphorus is an essential component of bone mineral, where it occurs in the Ca:P of 2:1. About 85% of the phosphorus in the adult body is found in bone. Phosphorus is absorbed very well by the small intestine as free phosphate. 25. Availability of phosphorus in grains, especially bran, is doubtful because of phytates in grain which will bind with phosphorus. 26. 4 functions of calcium: bone formation, response to nerves, blood clotting, normal rhythm of heartbeat. 27. Functions of phosphorus (more functions than any other mineral): absorption of glucose, transport of fatty acids, buffering system. 28. Phosphorus is very well absorbed70% 29. Functions of magnesium: bones, muscle, enzyme activator, electrical impulse. 30. Americans age 15-24 have a HIGHER death rate than 20 years ago, not nutrition related but due to violent death and injury, alcohol and drug abuse, unwanted pregnancies, STDs. 31. By 18 months, the brain growth is 90% complete and by 10 years, 95% complete, so there is no real adolescent spurt in head circumference. 32. The two major complications related to teenage pregnancy are low birth weight infants (LBW) and pre-eclampsia, which is toxemia of pregnancy characterized by hbp, albuminuria, edema of feet and legs. 33. Over 90% of adolescents snack. 34. There’s NO scientific evidence that foods such as chocolate, soft drinks, or peanut butter cause acne. 35. Peer pressure influences eating behavior. 36. Eating disorders increase among college-aged females and ballet dancers because they want to be in control. 37. Eating disorders should not be treated by amateurs—you need a team of health professionals: psychiatrist, dietitian, physician. 38. No particular nutrient of type of food can retard the aging process. 39. Buillion is clear soup—no nutritional value. 40. Stories of unusual longevity in other countries were found to be untrue. 1. Lactose intolerance = eat cheese, yogurt, or lactaid milk. 42. The elderly need to either increase calories or decrease calories, depending upon whether they are skinny or fat. 43. As you age, basal metabolic rate decreases each decade after maturity (you need less calories to stay alive, need to move more). 44. No RDA for 100 year olds, only fo r 70 and under. 45. Dehydration is the worst thing for you because you can die from it, especially athletes. 46. Infant birthweight is the single most important indicator of the infant’s future health status. A low birthweight (LBW) baby is defined as weighing less than 5. 5 lbs. 47. Risk factors for pregnancy include heavy smoking, alcohol abuse, age 15 or under, among others. 48. You need . 4 mg of folic acid/day (pregnancy). 49. Effects of nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy include: calories (low infant birthweight), vitamin D (LBW), folate (miscarriage and neural tube defect—brain and spinal cord defects) 50. During pregnancy, women should be under the care of a health professional. 51. One of the smallest increases recommended is for energy. Pregnancy requires only 300 extra kcal per day during the 2md and 3rd trimesters. 52. During pregnancy, women should select foods of high nutrient density. 53. Weight gain should be in second half of pregnancy. 54. 25-30 lbs. = total weight gain for pregnant women. 55. Practices to avoid during pregnancy: limit caffeine, stop smoking, do not take any prescribed medications, do not use street drugs, do not diet, do not drink alcohol. 56. Advantages of breast feeding: nutritionally superior to any alternative, contains a variety of anti-infectious factors and immune cells, mother’s uterus shrinks faster. 57. Colostrum: a yellow milk-like secretion from the breast, rich in protective factors that comes into the breast before milk is ready for secretion. It starts in first day or so—may be present for up to 2 weeks. 58. The infant doubles his/her birth weight in the first 3 to 4 months; triples before year one. 59. For the first four months, 1/3 of the calories are needed for growth. During 4-12 months, the baby needs 10% or less for growth and the rest for activity. 60. Start new foods one at a time so that allergies can be detected. Rice cereal is usually started first mixed with formula to make it very dilute. 1. Never feed honey to an infant since honey may contain botulina spores. 62. Don’t feed baby skim milkbabies need calories and the fat for growth. 63. Age infants should start having table food = 1 year. 64. Reducing the risk of cancer = eat cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, kale, turnips, brussel sprouts). 65. Red wine MIGHT help cancer (not sure). 66. Exe rcise when you are feeling stressedprevent cortisol from building up body fat. 67. Men eat less during stress and women eat more. 68. Mild depression or chronic stress harms immunity. 69. There is a link between stress and the urge to eat. 70. Over 75-90% of all doctor’s office visits are for stress-related ailments and complaints. 71. Water is the most important nutrient. 72. You can live 30 days without food, but only 3 days without water (except in the desertless). 73. The average adult’s body weight is from 50-60% water, most controlled by hormones. 74. There’s no RDA for water. Sources of water include most beverages except those containing alcohol and caffeine; fruits and vegetables are 75% to 96% or more water, bread is 36% water, beef is 72% water. 5. Much water is lost through the skin, which cools the skin by evaporation. 76. Weight loss of over 20% by water leads to death. 77. Water intoxication is rarely seen in healthy people. 78. High altitude = low oxygenneed more water. 79. There is low chlorine in bottled water. 80. Football players in summer practice may lose 6-8% of body weight by water. 81. Drinks with more than 10% sugar wonâ €™t get into the body as fast (Gatorade has about 10% sugar). 82. You lose water through breathing out, sweating, and through excretions. How to cite Nsd 225 Study Guide, Essay examples Nsd 225 Study Guide Free Essays string(54) " Common food allergies are nuts, soy, milk, and eggs\." Review for test #3 1. Calcium is not well absorbedless that 30% 2. A major mineral means you need more of it. We will write a custom essay sample on Nsd 225 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. The six major minerals are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chlorine. The rest are trace minerals, which are not less important, but you just need them in less amounts. 4. Minerals are 0 calories. 5. The best source of iron is beef, liver, or meat. 6. The best source of zinc is beef, liver, or meat. 7. Vitamin C will help you absorb iron twice as much (double the absorption). 8. Sea salt, they say, contains iodide, but it is silly to pay more and get nothing extra for it. Sea salt is not better than table saltiodine leaves as a gas (sublimes from solid to gas form). 9. We need iodide to make thyroid hormone, which is important because it influences our overall metabolism. Also, if you don’t have enough iron, you will be fatigued, and children that are deficient won’t grow. Finally, you need it to prevent goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid (around the Great Lakes and west = the goiter belts). 10. The major function of zinc: for many enzymes systems to work, for sexual maturation and growth, for wound healing, for protein metabolism and immune system. 1. Fluoride deficiency will result in dental caries (holes in teeth). 12. There is 500 mg of calcium carbonate in Tums, but since calcium carbonate is only composed of 40% calcium, there is 200 mg of pure calcium in Tums. 13. Iron is VERY POORLY absorbed; only 5-10% of iron is absorbed by normal adults. 14. The best source of potassium is potatoes. 15. If you don’t have enough potas sium, it may result in cardiac arrest or an irregular heartbeat (death) [also caused by too much]. 16. The major function of magnesium that it is needed as part of bones and part of muscle; also, it is an activator of more than 300 enzymes, and it’s necessary to maintain electrical potential of nerve and muscle and for transmission of never impulses. 17. The major function of chromium is that it acts as a cofactor for insulin, which is needed for maintaining normal glucose metabolism (chromium in humans declines with age). 18. Phosphorus is present in all foods especially milk and milk products and liver and other animal-food protein sources. About half the phosphorus in the USA diet comes from milk, meat, poultry, and fish. 9. The main sodium food source is table salt. Only 10% of salt intake comes from natural content of foods, 15% is from salt added during cooking and at table, and 75% from salt added during processing and manufacturing. 20. To decrease high blood pressure, lose weight. Also, eating salt doesn’t help for high blood pressure. 21. Folate RDA is over twi ce non-pregnant RDA (for increased blood supply and for growth of baby) so folate supplements are often prescribed. Also, need zinc for growth, B-12 for red blood cells, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium for bones. In addition, iron supplements during pregnancy and after delivery are recommended (baby should have enough to last 3-6 months**); fluoride is needed for teeth to begin in the 5th month of pregnancy. Nutrients to double during pregnancyfolate and probably iron. 22. You can NOT make up nutrients from a skipped breakfast. 23. Teenagers need to snack to get nutrients. 24. Adolescents aren’t well fed because they are too busy, eat out with their friends, skip breakfast, poor choice of snacks, avoid milk because they falsely think it is fattening, fear of becoming fat, use of fad diets especially by girls, and girls don’t get enough milk,. 5. Vegetables should be added first to an infant’s diet (after about 4-6 months). 26. Nutrition advice for anorexia patients included increasing caloric intake slowly (start at 800-1200 kcal), balanced diet, vitamin/mineral supplements, small frequent meals, use liquid supplements if necessary, and reduce caffeine. Also, don’t overload food, and persuade them they are thin enough. 27. Do not drink alcohol during pregnancy because even one binge may increase the risk of fetal alcohol syndrome (brain damage and physical retardation in infants). 28. The biggest advantage of breast milk during pregnancy is its immune factors. 9. Parents shouldn’t tell children to clean their plates. 30. How do you encourage children to try new foods? 31. In order to encourage a child to eat, be positive, when they are finished take their plate (they will snack later), don’t tell them there are people starving, don’t give rewards for eating. 32. Older folks who have baby aspirin every day bleed more in the gut (gastrointestinal bleeding), so they need more iron. 33. As you age, BMR decreases, you need less food and more exercise, your appetite decreases, and usually you don’t get enough nutrients. 34. The primary function of water is as a solvent; it transports nutrients to cells and removes waste. Also, it lubricates joints, food in the mouth, and helps lubricate food as it moves down the digestive tracts. Water is needed in the chemical reactions of digestion and must be available for digestion to occur. Water helps regulate body temperature by secreting sweat and is a structural component of the body (it is necessary to retain the shape of cells and tissues). 35. Complex carbs are: bread, cereal, pasta, and vegetables. 36. Thirst is not an adequate guide for infants, those who are sick, and athletes. 7. 50-75% of body weight is water. 38. Hyperactivity in children is caused by caffeine, not sugar. 39. There is NO nutrient herbal preparation that will cure cancer. 40. The best advice to prevent cancer is to eat a variety of foods, get all nutrients, and help prevent too much harmful junk getting into you. 41. RDA for calcium for adults 51 and older is 1200 mg. 42. There are 300 mg of calcium in a glass of milk (it doesn’t matter whether it is skim, whole, 1%, or 2%). 43. Common food allergies are nuts, soy, milk, and eggs. You read "Nsd 225 Study Guide" in category "Papers" 44. When under stress, the hormone cortisol produces fat. 45. A critical period during pregnancy defines a time early in pregnancy when an event happens and will never happen again. It is a certain time during development in which the event occurs that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages (it is usually a period of cell division). 46. Colostrum contains immune factors and anti-infection that will help a baby. 47. The WIC program is a nutritional education component that takes care of people who can’t take care of themselves. 48. The major function of phosphorusit has more functions that any other mineral. 49. Advantages of infant formula = father can feed. 0. Your peak bone mass is from 25-30 years old. 51. 5 reasons girls get osteoporosis: girls live longer, guys drink more milk, girls get pregnant and breastfeed, girls are smaller (have smaller bones). 1. Iron is NOT a major mineral. 2. Females need more iron—it is almost impossible for females to eat a diet providing the RDA for iron and stay within 2000 kcal. 3. Iron deficiency anemia may be the most prevalent deficiency disease in humans. 4. PICA = eating non-food items (laundry starch, clay, ice cubes), may denote low iron intake 5. OJ would help you absorb more iron from your diet (double the absorption). . Iodide toxicity also results in goiter. 7. Copper deficiency hardly ever happens. 8. Fluoride is not essential, but is essential for teeth. 9. Chromium deficiency results in impaired glucose tolerance. 10. Sodium has a small role in high blood pressure. 11. Monosodiumglutamate (MSG) adds sodium big time. 12. The major function of iron is that it is a constituent of hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle. Also, iron is essential in transportation of oxygen from lungs to tissues and it’s needed for oxidation-reduction reactions. 13. Minerals are essential, but do not provide energy (no calories). Many are needed to make body structures such as bones, needed as activators for enzyme systems, and they are poorly absorbed and can definitely be harmful if taken in excess. 14. 99% of calcium is in the bone with 1% in body fluids. 15. Dairy council said calcium may have an effect on weight loss. 16. Phyates acid in seeds, nuts, and grain decrease calcium absorption. 17. Females do not have enough calcium! 18. You MUST get enough calcium from childhood to age 25. 19. Calcium is enriched in some sources such as OJ and bread. 20. Most people don’t know what’s in the supplements they take. 1. 10 million Americans over 50 have osteoporosis, 1. 5 million have a bone fracture, 1 in 5 who have a hip fracture die. Women lose 6 inches from osteoporosis. 22. Phosphorus in excess in the diet probably does not negatively affect calcium absorption. The problem is that high carbonated beverages/soda take the place of milk intake. 23. The FDA cited over 18 manufacturers of Coral Calc ium for making false claims that the supplement is a cure-allthe U. S. Marshalls seized $26 million worth. 24. Phosphorus is an essential component of bone mineral, where it occurs in the Ca:P of 2:1. About 85% of the phosphorus in the adult body is found in bone. Phosphorus is absorbed very well by the small intestine as free phosphate. 25. Availability of phosphorus in grains, especially bran, is doubtful because of phytates in grain which will bind with phosphorus. 26. 4 functions of calcium: bone formation, response to nerves, blood clotting, normal rhythm of heartbeat. 27. Functions of phosphorus (more functions than any other mineral): absorption of glucose, transport of fatty acids, buffering system. 28. Phosphorus is very well absorbed70% 29. Functions of magnesium: bones, muscle, enzyme activator, electrical impulse. 30. Americans age 15-24 have a HIGHER death rate than 20 years ago, not nutrition related but due to violent death and injury, alcohol and drug abuse, unwanted pregnancies, STDs. 31. By 18 months, the brain growth is 90% complete and by 10 years, 95% complete, so there is no real adolescent spurt in head circumference. 32. The two major complications related to teenage pregnancy are low birth weight infants (LBW) and pre-eclampsia, which is toxemia of pregnancy characterized by hbp, albuminuria, edema of feet and legs. 33. Over 90% of adolescents snack. 34. There’s NO scientific evidence that foods such as chocolate, soft drinks, or peanut butter cause acne. 35. Peer pressure influences eating behavior. 36. Eating disorders increase among college-aged females and ballet dancers because they want to be in control. 37. Eating disorders should not be treated by amateurs—you need a team of health professionals: psychiatrist, dietitian, physician. 38. No particular nutrient of type of food can retard the aging process. 39. Buillion is clear soup—no nutritional value. 40. Stories of unusual longevity in other countries were found to be untrue. 1. Lactose intolerance = eat cheese, yogurt, or lactaid milk. 42. The elderly need to either increase calories or decrease calories, depending upon whether they are skinny or fat. 43. As you age, basal metabolic rate decreases each decade after maturity (you need less calories to stay alive, need to move more). 44. No RDA for 100 year olds, only fo r 70 and under. 45. Dehydration is the worst thing for you because you can die from it, especially athletes. 46. Infant birthweight is the single most important indicator of the infant’s future health status. A low birthweight (LBW) baby is defined as weighing less than 5. 5 lbs. 47. Risk factors for pregnancy include heavy smoking, alcohol abuse, age 15 or under, among others. 48. You need . 4 mg of folic acid/day (pregnancy). 49. Effects of nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy include: calories (low infant birthweight), vitamin D (LBW), folate (miscarriage and neural tube defect—brain and spinal cord defects) 50. During pregnancy, women should be under the care of a health professional. 51. One of the smallest increases recommended is for energy. Pregnancy requires only 300 extra kcal per day during the 2md and 3rd trimesters. 52. During pregnancy, women should select foods of high nutrient density. 53. Weight gain should be in second half of pregnancy. 54. 25-30 lbs. = total weight gain for pregnant women. 55. Practices to avoid during pregnancy: limit caffeine, stop smoking, do not take any prescribed medications, do not use street drugs, do not diet, do not drink alcohol. 56. Advantages of breast feeding: nutritionally superior to any alternative, contains a variety of anti-infectious factors and immune cells, mother’s uterus shrinks faster. 57. Colostrum: a yellow milk-like secretion from the breast, rich in protective factors that comes into the breast before milk is ready for secretion. It starts in first day or so—may be present for up to 2 weeks. 58. The infant doubles his/her birth weight in the first 3 to 4 months; triples before year one. 59. For the first four months, 1/3 of the calories are needed for growth. During 4-12 months, the baby needs 10% or less for growth and the rest for activity. 60. Start new foods one at a time so that allergies can be detected. Rice cereal is usually started first mixed with formula to make it very dilute. 1. Never feed honey to an infant since honey may contain botulina spores. 62. Don’t feed baby skim milkbabies need calories and the fat for growth. 63. Age infants should start having table food = 1 year. 64. Reducing the risk of cancer = eat cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, kale, turnips, brussel sprouts). 65. Red wine MIGHT help cancer (not sure). 66. Exe rcise when you are feeling stressedprevent cortisol from building up body fat. 67. Men eat less during stress and women eat more. 68. Mild depression or chronic stress harms immunity. 69. There is a link between stress and the urge to eat. 70. Over 75-90% of all doctor’s office visits are for stress-related ailments and complaints. 71. Water is the most important nutrient. 72. You can live 30 days without food, but only 3 days without water (except in the desertless). 73. The average adult’s body weight is from 50-60% water, most controlled by hormones. 74. There’s no RDA for water. Sources of water include most beverages except those containing alcohol and caffeine; fruits and vegetables are 75% to 96% or more water, bread is 36% water, beef is 72% water. 5. Much water is lost through the skin, which cools the skin by evaporation. 76. Weight loss of over 20% by water leads to death. 77. Water intoxication is rarely seen in healthy people. 78. High altitude = low oxygenneed more water. 79. There is low chlorine in bottled water. 80. Football players in summer practice may lose 6-8% of body weight by water. 81. Drinks with more than 10% sugar wonâ €™t get into the body as fast (Gatorade has about 10% sugar). 82. You lose water through breathing out, sweating, and through excretions. How to cite Nsd 225 Study Guide, Papers

Swatch Group free essay sample

There are two primary reason for the success of Swatch: one is the effective marketing strategy which the company uses by satisfying its target market well; the other is high quality and various design. Due to its high quality, Swatch watch is no longer just a simple everyday watch but one of the hot collectible items in the world. Additionally, they also have series of atches for every season, every special occasion and every event in the world (Thinking made easy,2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Swatch Group or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, more recently the whole watches market has been driven by a number of forces, which provide both opportunities and challenges with most of watchmakers. Swatch is no exception. Intensive competition between different brands is increasing in order to survive in this changeable market. The needs and wants of individual customers vary greatly and continually, which also means the customer is still seeing something new that will urge them to continue to support the products (Thinking made easy,2008). Therefore, Swatch must continue their performance and work and continue to research about its marketing environment, adjusting its marketing strategy timely to target customers. The aim of this report is to recommend a new marketing strategy to Swatch company, which can help this company win the competition, increase the sales profit and maintain brand loyalty. According to PEST analysis, Five forces analysis and SWOT analysis, the environment where Swatch company exists could be seen clearly. Lately e-commerce is used widely and becoming more popular. Due to the credit crunch, customers switch their purchase from Luxury items to low-price items. However, persistent economic recession in the UK has an adverse impact on Swatch. Intensive competition with other companies still put heavy pressure on it. Fortunately, Swatch has already been a strong brand image in the customers’ mind and has a wider presence in the fashion market. The high-quality and unique products are also becoming its strengths. Women are the major buyer in the UK market and they purchase more for themselves than men. In terms of segmentation, targeting and positioning, the target market of Swatch is working women among the 24 to 35 age group, who are able and willing to spend more on themselves. With the tendency of high porportion of single women, and high late marriage rate, this age group will extend to benefit the company a lot. Swatch also position itself in a high-quality but low-price place to attract more customers. Combining with all of above analyses, this report recommend Swatch to adopt market- penetration strategy, which requires the company to sell current produt to its current market. Customerized product sold with high price right aims at its target customers and satisfies their tastes. Under the help of moderate implementation and control, it is evident that market penetration strategy fit for Swatch and would bring maximized profit to it. 2. 0 Introduction According to Kidd (2007, p. 1-21), the watches market has shown a consistent growth profile, with year-on-year sales rises from 2002, to reach a value of ? 1. 22 bn by 2006. However, more recently the watches market has been driven by a number of factors, whether positively or negatively. Limited growth and any downturn in the UK economy would lead to declining sales †¢ Higher spending in other areas, such as clothing, food and travel †¢ Many brands compete with each other to gain more customers, which increases the product-competitiveness and price-competitiveness †¢ Expansion in the retail distribution †¢ Reposition into the fashion market †¢ Women are the major buyers in UK market and majority of their purchases are for themselves The Swatch Group Ltd is based in Switzerland and the world’s largest watchmaker (Kidd,2007, p. 27). It owns 19 watch brands, such as Omega, Rado, Longines and launches its products over 50 locations, including France, Germany, Italy, USA, the Virgin Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, and China, with its main facility in Switzerland. Swatch is one of the brand owned by this company, who is very famous for its slim plastic watches. As it is stated that (oppapers,2006), Swatch has uniquely pioneered the low cost fashionable watch market by combining fashion, style, and Swiss technology, and it sells watches, various accessories and apparel primarily to teens and young adults n the world. To compete in such a changeable watches market and satisfy its target customers well, Swatch must perform hard. How it can differentiate its products by carrying out a perfect marketing plan to attract its customers and maintain its brand loyalty will be the key and demonstrated in this report as its final objective. The report will first analyze the external and internal marketing environment for Swatch wh ere it competes by using a range of theoretical frameworks, such as PEST, Porter’s Five Forces, and SWOT.

Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized

Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized The debate on monogamy is often used as the counterargument to reserving the marriage rights to heterosexual couples. In other words, the advocates of gay marriage claim that most men in the heterosexual couples are not monogamous, but that faithfulness to one partner is demanded from gay couples in order to be recognized by law or the society. The debate on gay marriage rights is a fierce fight, employing all possible means and measures to prove ones point. This paper by referring to the most recent debate on gay marriage, argues that gay marriage should be given the same rights as heterosexual marriage and that the gay marriage should be legalized in the modern society. Many liberal and radical politicians today argue in favor of gay marriage or commitment ceremonies within the church so that lesbians and gay men can take part in church life. The gay rights advocates claim that the issue of allowing gay marriages is not entirely a religious one. As put by Julian Bond (2007 gay and lesbian rights are not 'special rights' in any way. It isn't 'special' to be free from discriminationit is an ordinary, universal entitlement of citizenship. In other words, the author argues that gay people should be given the same rights as heterosexual individuals who, for instance, are not excluded form the church if they commit adultery or get divorced. Yet there are many opponents of gay marriage who suggest that such strategy of allowing gay marriages to have the same rights as heterosexual unions is misguided. Various scholars state that it is essential instead to look beyond the currently popular political struggle for recognition of same-sex unions and gay families, into a landscape where the heart of sexual morality lies (Rauch 2004). Many family values campaigns have gained ground by promoting a view of the family as a haven in a heartless world. These conservatives understand that the Christian message is designed for a unit larger than one individual, that morality and faithfulness can only be achieved in a group setting (O'Brien, 2004). In their focus on the family, they appeal to those who feet isolated and detached from larger units. The family provides contemporary Americans with a tool for overcoming the crippling and lonely effects of individuality. Such campaigns tell people that they are not alone as long as they ha ve a family. Modern individuals need to work to disrupt the self-contained, isolated human subject. At the same time, advocates of gay marriages argue that if same-sex marriage is prohibited, as the eleven state referenda lost in the last election year [2004] would have it, a significant percentage of the population will continue to lose out on the 1,138 federal rights that marriage conveys (Hunt, 2005, p. 36). Each year more and more couples publicly pledge commitment. Each year more lesbians and gay men become families by producing or adopting children. The pro-family gay discourse accompanying these efforts tells one that the legalization of domestic partnership and the subsequent sanctioning of gay families is the way to end discrimination. The family has become the vehicle, Hunt (2005) claims, for gays to fit into society, to blend into the heterosexual landscape, to be accepted. As Jonathan Rauch (2004) writes, Domestic-partner and other marriage-lite arrangements, as I can't resist calling them, do not give homosexuals what they need. They also do not give society what it ne eds. Both authors agree that institution of marriage will provide gay men and women with solid psychological support, allowing them to feel as equal members of the community. At the same time, opponents of gay marriages state that, when analyzed closely, the families of gay people bring a different message into the society than their heterosexual counterparts. Where the conservative family consists of a married couple and their biological children, the gay families come in all sorts of configurations, from a committed lesbian or gay man raising a child alone, to more complicated arrangements (Musgrave, 2006). AdvocatÐ µs of thÐ µ gay marriagÐ µ havÐ µ diligÐ µntly pushÐ µd thÐ µ idÐ µa that contract, not biology, crÐ µatÐ µs parÐ µntal obligations, in part bÐ µcausÐ µ it is thÐ µ only possiblÐ µ way for samÐ µ-sÐ µx couplÐ µs to havÐ µ childrÐ µn togÐ µthÐ µr. ThÐ µ old stubborn rÐ µality that thÐ µ pÐ µoplÐ µ who makÐ µ thÐ µ baby arÐ µ his parÐ µnts must bÐ µ put asidÐ µ to accommodatÐ µ an infinitÐ µ divÐ µrsity of adult choicÐ µ. It is Ð µasy to makÐ µ a baby, but it is hard to lovÐ µ and protÐ µct and providÐ µ for childrÐ µn to adulthood. OnÐ µ important goal of statÐ µ rÐ µgulation of intimacy has bÐ µÃ µn to Ð µnsurÐ µ that childrÐ µn havÐ µ what thÐ µy nÐ µÃ µd. AdvocatÐ µs of family divÐ µrsity tÐ µll gays that it is thÐ µrÐ µforÐ µ cruÐ µl to dÐ µprivÐ µ any actual child of whatÐ µvÐ µr bÐ µnÐ µfit can bÐ µ milkÐ µd from thÐ µ statÐ µ by having thÐ µ law prÐ µfÐ µr any family form. If thÐ µ adults havÐ µ dÐ µcidÐ µd to bÐ µ parÐ µnts, thÐ µ statÐ µ should applaud and Ð µnforcÐ µ this dÐ µcision, no mattÐ µr how or who or Ð µvÐ µn how many (Ilana, 2004). Many bÐ µliÐ µvÐ µ that lÐ µgal rÐ µcognition for samÐ µ-sÐ µx couplÐ µs is positivÐ µ for thÐ µ sociÐ µty. Еxpanding lÐ µgal marriagÐ µ would bÐ µ thÐ µ most straightforward way to Ð µxtÐ µnd rÐ µcognition, but many considÐ µr morÐ µ limitÐ µd lÐ µgal rÐ µcognition in spÐ µcific contÐ µxts to bÐ µ dÐ µsirablÐ µ as wÐ µll. Many also rÐ µcognizÐ µ that thÐ µ Ð µmotional and symbolic significancÐ µ of marriagÐ µ for non-gay pÐ µoplÐ µ may provÐ µ a significant political barriÐ µr to thÐ µ kind of full marriagÐ µ rights that havÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn grantÐ µd to samÐ µ-sÐ µx partnÐ µrs in a numbÐ µr of countriÐ µs and somÐ µ statÐ µs in AmÐ µrica. At thÐ µ samÐ µ timÐ µ, thÐ µrÐ µ arÐ µ many individuals who havÐ µ arguÐ µd strongly that sÐ µxual minoritiÐ µs should not bÐ µ sÐ µÃ µking thÐ µ right to marry bÐ µcausÐ µ of thÐ µ history of marriagÐ µ as a patriarchal, confining institution inimical to human frÐ µÃ µdom an d happinÐ µss. ЕvÐ µn thosÐ µ who makÐ µ such argumÐ µnts, howÐ µvÐ µr, tÐ µnd to support morÐ µ limitÐ µd, spÐ µcific forms of lÐ µgal rÐ µcognition for samÐ µ-sÐ µx rÐ µlationships on pragmatic grounds. ThÐ µ supportÐ µrs of gay marriagÐ µ assumptions arÐ µ not all basÐ µd on Ð µmpirical Ð µvidÐ µncÐ µ dÐ µrivÐ µd from sciÐ µntific rÐ µsÐ µarch, although somÐ µ of thÐ µm may gain crÐ µdÐ µncÐ µ from thÐ µ rÐ µsults that havÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn announcÐ µd by sciÐ µntific and historical rÐ µsÐ µarchÐ µrs in rÐ µcÐ µnt yÐ µars (CarpÐ µntÐ µr, 2003). WhÐ µrÐ µ thÐ µ traditional family strivÐ µs to closÐ µ itsÐ µlf off from outsidÐ µ influÐ µncÐ µs, oftÐ µn shunning Ð µvÐ µn thÐ µ involvÐ µmÐ µnt of grandparÐ µnts or distant rÐ µlativÐ µs, gay familiÐ µs arÐ µ usually opÐ µn to thÐ µ involvÐ µmÐ µnt of many diffÐ µrÐ µnt kinds of rÐ µlationships. It is not uncommon for thÐ µ childrÐ µn of gay pÐ µoplÐ µ to havÐ µ two mommiÐ µs (a biological mothÐ µr and hÐ µr partnÐ µr), and two daddiÐ µs (a biological fathÐ µr and his partnÐ µr) and numÐ µrous aunts, unclÐ µs, and othÐ µrs who arÐ µ rÐ µlatÐ µd to thÐ µ child not by blood but by choicÐ µ. Gay families are often presented in non-traditional ways. On the one hand, the issue of gay marriage is quite a recent phenomenon. On the other hand, young gay people need some sort of psychological support and vision of the future to live and become happy. Gay marriage seems to provide them with such comfort (Bond, 2007). In conclusion, many modern progressive thinkers are deeply persuaded that the institution of marriage will save the society. The current gay pro-family agenda is clear and unambiguous: gay people refer to their civic rights that endow them with the equal treatment in the society, including the ability to marry and build a family. It is not claimed that homosexual unions are trouble-free, but gays should be treated fairly and presented with the comfort and support that traditional family settings offer.

The Ancient Sources for the History of Ancient India

The Ancient Sources for the History of Ancient India It used to be  said that the history of  India and the Indian Subcontinent  didnt begin until the Muslims invaded in the 12th century A.D. While thorough history-writing may stem from such a late date, there are earlier historical writers with 1st-hand knowledge. Unfortunately, they dont extend back in time as far as we might like or as far as in other ancient cultures. It is common knowledge that there is no corresponding equivalent on the Indian side. Ancient India has no historiography in the European sense of the word-in this respect the only historiographic civilizations of the world are the Graeco-Roman and Chinese ones...- Walter Schmitthenner, The Journal of Roman Studies When writing about a group of people who died thousands of years ago, as in ancient history, there are always gaps and guesses. History tends to be written by the victors and about the powerful. When history is not even written, as was the case in early ancient India, there are still ways to extract information- mostly archaeological, but also obscure literary texts, inscriptions in forgotten languages, and stray foreign notices, but it doesnt lend itself to straightline political history, the history of heroes and empires [Narayanan]. Although thousands of seals and inscribed artifacts have been recovered, the Indus script remains undeciphered. Unlike Egypt or Mesopotamia, this remains a civilization inaccessible to historians.... In the Indus case, while the descendents of urban dwellers and technological practices did not entirely disappear, the cities their ancestors had inhabited did. Indus script and the information it recorded also were no longer remembered.- Thomas R. Trautmann and Carla M. Sinopoli When Darius and Alexander (327 B.C.) invaded India, they provided dates around which the history of India is constructed. India did not have its own western-style historian before these incursions so reasonably reliable chronology of India dates from Alexanders invasion in the late 4th century B.C. Shifting Geographic Limits of India India originally referred to the area of the Indus River valley, which was a province of the Persian Empire. Thats how Herodotus refers to it. Later, the term India included the area bounded on the north by the Himalayas and Karakoram mountain ranges, the penetrable Hindu Kush in the northwest, and on the northeast, the hills of Assam and Cachar. The Hindu Kush soon became the border between the Mauryan empire and that of the Seleucid successor of Alexander the Great. Seleucid-controlled Bactria sat immediately to the north of the Hindu Kush. Then Bactria separated from the Seleucids  and independently invaded India. The Indus River provided a natural, but controversial border between India and Persia. It is said that Alexander conquered India, but Edward James Rapson of The Cambridge History of India Volume I: Ancient India says its only true if you mean the original sense of India the country of the Indus Valley since Alexander didnt go beyond the Beas (Hyphasis). Nearchus, an Eyewitness Source on Indian History Alexanders admiral Nearchus wrote about the Macedonian fleets travel from the Indus River to the Persian Gulf. Arrian (c. A.D. 87 - after 145) later used Nearchus works in his own writings about India. This has preserved some of Nearchus now lost material. Arrian says Alexander founded a city where the Hydaspes battle was fought, which was named Nikaia, as the Greek word for victory. Arrian says he also founded the more famous city of Boukephala, to honor his horse, also by the Hydaspes. The location of these cities is not clear and there is no corroborative numismatic evidence. [Source: The Hellenistic Settlements in the East From Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, by Getzel M. Cohen, University of California Press: 2013.) Arrians report says that Alexander was told by inhabitants of Gedrosia (Baluchistan) about others who had used that same travel route. The legendary Semiramis, they said, had fled through that route from India with only 20 members of her army and Cambyses son Cyrus returned with only 7 [Rapson]. Megasthenes, an Eyewitness Source on Indian History Megasthenes, who stayed in India from 317 to 312 B.C. and served as ambassador of Seleucus I at the court of Chandragupta Maurya (referred to in the Greek as Sandrokottos), is another Greek source about India. He is quoted in Arrian and Strabo, where the Indians denied having engaged in foreign warfare with any but Hercules, Dionysus and the Macedonians (Alexander). Of the westerners who might have invaded India, Megasthenes says Semiramis died before invading and the Persians acquired mercenary troops from India [Rapson]. Whether or not Cyrus invaded northern India depends on where the border is or was set; however, Darius seems to have gone as far as the Indus. Native Indian Sources on Indian History Soon after the Macedonians, the Indians themselves produced artifacts that help us with the history. Particularly important are the stone pillars of the Mauryan king Ahsoka (c. 272- 235 B.C.) which provide the first glimpse of an authentic historical Indian figure. Another Indian source on the Mauryan dynasty is the Arthashastra of Kautilya. Although the author is sometimes identified as Chandragupta Mauryas minister Chanakya, Sinopoli and Trautmann say the Arthashastra was probably written in the second century A.D. Sources The Hour-Glass of India C. H. Buck, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Mar., 1915), pp. 233-237Historical Perspectives on Ancient India, M. G. S. Narayanan, Social Scientist, Vol. 4, No. 3 (Oct., 1975), pp. 3-11Alexander and India A. K. Narain ,  Greece Rome, Second Series, Vol. 12, No. 2, Alexander the Great (Oct., 1965), pp. 155-165The Cambridge History of India Volume I: Ancient India  By Edward James Rapson, The Macmillan CompanyIn the Beginning Was the Word: Excavating the Relations between History and Archaeology in South Asia Thomas R. Trautmann and Carla M. Sinopoli​,  Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, Vol. 45, No. 4, Excavating the Relations between Archaeology and History in the Study of Pre-Modern Asia [Part 1] (2002), pp. 492-523Two Notes on Seleucid History: 1. Seleucus 500 Elephants, 2. Tarmita W. W. Tarn​,  The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 60 (1940), pp. 84-94